Since the 1970s, the complex relationship between people and nature has been gaining prominence in the world forums related to global environmental changes. The consequences of landscape transformation worldwide have been increasingly recognized not only by the scientific community, but also by the general population. As the world population continues to grow, there is an increasing pressure on water and land to provide an adequate supply of food and industrial products. Projections indicate that by 2030 the population will be 8.5 billion of inhabitants and in 2050 of 9.7 billion. Lack of successful solutions for the conservation of ecosystems and adequate destination for the waste may lead to serious environmental and socio-economic consequences.